Improvement in heating-stoves



5 Sheets--Sheet 1. E. SMITH.

Heating-Stove. No. 168,534. Patented0ct.5,l875.'

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Patented Oct 5,. i875.

fzzventar E. SMITH.

Heating Stove.

5 Sh eets--Slheet 5. E. SMITH.

Heating-Stove. N0. 168,534; Patented Oct. 5,1875.

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MPETERS. PNOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D c.

UNITED S Arns PATENT Qrrron ELIHU SMITH, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN HEATlNG-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 168,534, dated October5, 1875 application filed March 4, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELrHU SMITH, of the city and county of Albany, Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHeating-Stoves; and I do hereby declare that the following is adescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,in five sheets, forming a part of this specification, in which-- Figure1 represents a side view of the exterior of the stove, having theimprovements in this invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation fromfront to rear, illustrating the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevationfrom side to side, illustrating the same. Fig. 4 is a sectional viewtaken at horizontal lineNo. 1 in Fig. 2. 'Fig. 5 is a sectional viewtakenat horizontal line No. 2 in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a sectional viewtaken at horizontal line No. 3 in Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a sectional Viewtaken at horizontal line No. 4 in Fig. 2. Fig.8 is a sectional viewtaken at horizontal line No. 5 in Fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a sectional viewtaken at horizontal line No. 6 in Fig. 2.

My invention relates to revertibleflue stoves; and consists in certainimprovements in the descending and ascending and base fines, and their.combinations, and in hot-air fines and chambers used in combination withthe base-fines and other heatin g parts of the stove, all of which Iwill proceed to describe.

The object of this invention is to cause the hot gaseous products ofcombustion to be drawn in their full volume in two equal currents,separated from each other, in their entire distance of passage to theexit-flue, from the combustion-chamber, in which their distance ofpassage will be materially increased, and the direction of the twocurrents reversed in their passage, that a greater amount ofheat-radiating surface may be brought in contact with the two equalcurrents of hot gases passing through them to the exit, when therevertible draft is used, and the stove be thereby made to operate morepowerfully as a heater, while the airflues and air-chambers may be madeto heat air for discharge into the room, or into another room, and abetter circulation of atmosphere for heating be secured.

of. the stove. 2 is the base proper. 3 is the ash-pan section. 4 is thefire-pot section. 5

is the combustion-chamber section. 6 is the fuel-reservoir section. 7 isthe top section. The said sections are made in the usual manner, ofcast-iron, and joined together in any of the modes practiced by thetrade.

A is the fire-pot, made of cast-iron, and supported at its upper marginfrom the outer casing of the stove. B is the grate, supported below thelower end of the fire-pot.

In this invention I support the said fire-pot from its center, in amanner substantially as in the patent issued to myself August .25, 1874,in which an air tube or conduit, leading'from an opening in the base, isemployed for supporting the grate, and at thesame time admit air to-thecenter of the fuel massed in the firepot.

Around the upper portion of the fire-pot, and between its walls and thewall of the outer casing, is formed an annular hot-air flue or chamber,0, the outer wall of which is provided with perforations a a, to permitthe escape of the heated air into the room. Starting from the outer wallof the stove, at a short distance below the grate, and above the spaceoccupied by the ash-pan, is placed the ash ring D, in-' tended toconduct the ashes and clinkers discharged over the periphery of thegrateinto the ash-pan. The hot gaseous products of combustion are led fromthe combustion-chamber E to the exit F in either a direct manner,

I as indicated by arrows l in Fig. 2, when the damper F is opened, or ina circuitous direction when the said damper is closed. The descendingflue G is divided about equally by a vertical plate, b, Figs. 6 and 7,and form what I denominate a bisected or duplex flue, through which thehot gases are drawn, in the revertible draft, in two equal currents,each sepa rated from the other, and both leading into the base proper,as indicated by arrow No. 2.

The base proper is provided with the two flues H H, each leading fromthe duplex flue G, and around the opposite sides of the stove from therear to the front, and together form what I denominate the duplexbase-fines, through which the hot gases pass from the duplex descendingflue G to the front of the stove, as indicated by arrows N o. 3 in Figs.2 and 6. I is a short descending flue located in the front portion ofthe base, and leading from the flues H E into the sub-flues J J, asindicated by arrow 4 in Fig. 2. The said flue is also divided by aplate, j, into about equal parts, each of which part is to receive thehot gases from a flue, H, above, and discharge into a flue, J, in thesub-base. The sub-base flues J J lead the hot gases from the flue l intwo separate currents to the ascending flue K, as

indicated by arrows 5, each of which currents passes through a flue, J,on opposite sides of the said sub-base, and in a reverse direction fromthose passing through the base-flues H H. The ascending flue is alsodivided by a plate, 70, in its lower portion at least, and leads to theexit F, as indicated by arrows 6, Fig. 2.

In the reverted draft, by the improvements in this invention, the hotgaseous products of combustion are made to pass in two equal andseparated currents from the combustionchamber to the exit in acircuitous manner,

;base are equally heated thereby by the full and equal action of the hotgases in their passage, which is an improvement over that .manner ofconstruction of flues employed by .me in my reissued patent of April,1869, in which the hot gases moved in a single current from thecombustion-chamber to the exit, and

made a passage in the base-flues from the rear .to the front, and thenceback in the opposite side to the rear to the ascending flue.

, A great advantage is also secured by the employment of the two fluesin the sub-base over my improvements patented August 25, 1874., in whichthe hot gases moved in a single current. As in this invention, there issecured an equal heating of the sides of the sub-base, which cannot behad when a single continuous flue is employed. a The advantages ofemploying a sub-base with the base proper fare apparent, as the hotgases are made to come in contact with a greater area of surface ofmetal for the absorption of the caloric by the parts of the base andsub-base brought in contact with the hot gases passing through theirflues in their passage to the exit or chimney, while at the same timethe base of the stove is more evenly heated, and made to radiate agreater amount of heat for warming purposes from a low point.

Between the sub-base and the base proper I form an air-chamber, L,- theouter walls of which are provided with perforations m m for the passageof the heated air from the said chamber into the room. The said chamberis supplied with air through the central opening L made in the sub-base,and communicating with the room immediately above the floor. The sidesof the said central opening are heated by the hot gases passing throughthe duplex sub-base flues J J, and tend to rarefy .riphery of the saidair-chamber to escape through the perforations an 00, as indicated byarrows No. 7 in Figs. 2 and 5, into the room at a low point near thefloor.

The great advantage secured by thus taking air from an extreme lowpoint, heating and discharging it also at a low point, yet at a shortdistance above the point of entrance and from an extended circumference,are these: the air of the room is made to circulate with greateruniformity, and the colder strata of air at the floor may be drawntoward the stove to be heated, and discharged also at a low point, wherethe air is the coldest, so as to mingle with such cooler air as it risesupward.

By the operations of this part of my invention the room may be moreuniformly and quickly warmed, and the air of the room will have a bettercirculation and be healthier for the breathing of the occupants of theroom.

In the opening L is placed an air-wheel, M, intended to be revolved bythe passage of the air through the spaces in the said wheel, whichwheel, when revolved, will cause the air to enter into the chamber Labove more centrally than if no such wheel was used, as the air seekingto enter the said chamber will be directed upwardmore central, andnotalong the sides of the said opening. Made beneath the ash-panchamber, and in the base proper, is a recess or cavity, L which is alsoover the air-wheel M, and permits the air to rise up within beforeescaping outward through the chamber between the base and sub-base.Air-pipes N N, leading from the air-chamber L to the several sections ofthe stove above the grate, are placed at the outer Casing, and supplyair to the annular chamber 0, made around the upper margin of thefire-pot, to be discharged through the perforations a a into the room.An annular chamber, 1?, made immediately above the combustion-chamber F,is also supplied with air to be warmed and discharged through theopenings 0, made in the outer walls of the said chamber P. Aregister-ring is laid over the outer wall of the said chamber, to openor close the said openings, and thereby permit the escape of the heatedair, or to prevent the same, as may be desired. Made in the upperportion of the stove, and around the top portion of the fuel-reservoir,is the air-chamber R, which is supplied by the pipes NN, continued pastthe chamber 1?, from which chamber R the heated air may be led bysuitable pipes, to warm a room above, or be permitted to escape into theroom occupied by .the stove.

By thus receivin gall the air to bewarmed from a low point, anddischarging the same when warmed at one or more points higher than thelower chamber L in the base of the stove, the heated air is moreuniformly diffused throughout the room, and in a manner more comfortableto the persons in the same than can be had where the whole volume ofheated air is discharged at a single point of height from the floor,while at the same time the several chambers are heated for warming theair by the action of heat, which would otherwise be almost entirelywasted for heating purposes.

The outer walls of the fuel-reservoir section 6 are made of sheet orcast metal, finished with baked lacquer, or enameled with plain orcombined colors. A space, 8, between the said walls and the wall of thereservoir T is also made. The outer walls are provided with perforationse 0, made in any desired form, through which the air of the room maycommunicate with the space 8.

By these improvements the hot gases drawn from the combustion-chamberare made to move in two separated and equal currents, in contact, inpart, with a great area of heat-radiating surfaces, which will be heatedin a thorough manner, and absorb most of the caloric from the gaseousproducts before their passage out of the exit to the chimney, whilethose portions of the heated metal surfaces which heretofore did notexert to any considerable degree a warming of the room are, by theseimprovements, made active to warmair to be. discharged'into the room,and also promote the circulation of the same,to render the warming moreuniform and the atmosphere more healthy.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In a revertible-flue heating-stove, the combination of thecombustion-chamber, two horizontal base-fines, and the fines G G, one ofwhich is connected with each of said horizontal base-fines,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a revertible-flue heating-stove, the combination of the directhorizontal base-flue, the ascending flue K, bisected in its lowerportion, and the return base-flue, substantially as and for thepurposesset forth.

3. The combination, with the base side flues H H, made in the baseproper of the stove, leading the hot gases from the descending flue atthe rear forward, and in contact, in part, with the sides of the saidbase, to the front, of the descending flue I and sub-flues J J, andascending flue K, substantially as and for the purpose set fort 4.. Incombination, in a heating-stove, as-

cending and descending flues, and base and sub-base fines, connected,arranged, and operatin g substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

5. In a heating-stove, a hot-air chamber, L, below the ash-pan section,receiving air from below, heating the same by means of fines at thesides and below, and dischargingthe same heated through openings in itsperiphery, substantially as set forth. 7

6. The combination, with the fire-pot A, flue G, and hot-air chamber L,of the annular airflue 0, having its outer walls perforated, and

. pipes N, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, with the air-chamber L, heated by the base-fines,and fines G, heated by the heat from the fire-pot and thecombustion-chamber, and pipes N N, of the air-chamber P, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, with the air-chamber L, heated by the base-fines,fines G, heated by the heat from the fire-pot and combustionchamber, ofthe ainchamber R, made around the upper portion of thecombustion-chamber, substantially as and for. the purpose set forth.

9. The combination, with the hot-air chamber, located in the base of thestove, and heated by the heat of the base flue or fines therein, of theair-wheel M, substantially as and for the purpose set forth;

ELIHU SMITH.

Witnesses:

ALEX. SELKIRK, HENRY W. SMITH.

